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Water Bears in Space: How Tardigrades Could Help Humans on Earth and Beyond

Water bears, also called tardigrades, are the toughest creatures around. Since a scientist first spotted them through a microscope in 1773, researchers have learned that water bears have survived every mass extinction on Earth and can tolerate all kinds of extremes, from radiation to low gravity to boiling and freezing temperatures. They can even enter an inanimate state to protect and preserve themselves in harsh conditions, then reanimate when their surroundings improve. On top of being extraordinary, these characteristics make tardigrades a prime candidate for space travel and research. But how do water bears do it?